Patent law is a blight on more than just the USA. International trade agreements mean most countries in the world are bound with insane patent laws, the new Iraq government even passed a copy of the DMCA with 2 weeks of their creation.
China, Israel, Eruope (with a few exceptions), Canada, Australia etc are all falling into the same traps in this regards. Europe USED to have sensible approaches, but with the unification into the EU those have broken down, and the EU patent system is as messed up.
In fact, since the unification of EU, patent system is better... before, each European country was having his own system... now, they all follow the EPC ( european patent convention )... At the international level, 184 country have sign the Patent Cooperation treaty ( PCT )... Rules 39 and 67 permit International Searching and Preliminary Examining Authorities not to carry out search and examination on certain types of subject matter, such as scientific and mathematical theories, methods of doing business and computer programs. The PCT does not provide for the grant of an "international patent", as such multinational patent does not exist, and the grant of patent is a prerogative of each national or regional authority.
About the new Iraq government, it is not relevant... everybody know that Iraq is somehow controled by the US, that the candidat from the first gov was selected by the US... sure that with time, a lot of copy of US laws will be voted in Irak !!!
Anyway, rules 39 and 67 allow any country having sign the PCT to refuse patent for computer programs... Since EPC don't allow patent for computer programs, Europe will not grant a patent for them...
In Europe, computer programs fall under the intellectual property and copyright... a example in these topic was the "one click buy"... copyright will not allow your to copy the code but will allow your to create a original code who lead to the same function...
I agree that soon of later, all country will have identical rules but somehow, as now, nobody will give up his national right... until rules are not identical everywhere, international enforcement is impossible...