I've done GBA programming. The problems would be:
Small screen, 240 by 160 resolution.
New control system needed, since there's no mouse.
Large amount of memory needed while running the game - seems to be over 100MB at the moment, while a GBA has to fit the whole thing in 32MB or so.
GBA processor is many times slower than a modern PC - expect long pauses.
Save games are too big, over a megabyte, far more than the largest battery backup memory you can get on GBA (I think).
I'm sure a good in-depth space strategy game could be done on the GBA, with a control system something like Advance Wars, but it wouldn't be GalCiv as we know it.
~SDC~