Building a Harbors isn't like building a resource...the beach tile needs to be adjacent to your city, so having beach in your sphere of influence wouldn't be enough
Can you build a harbor if your city expands out to the beach?
note: I couldn't open that save file for some reason, so sorry if any speculation on the layout of the map (and your city being too far form the beach) is wrong.
When did that change? In the beta's a harbor could be built anywhere (at a shore hex) within the cities zone of control?
Why doesn't the harbor even appear (grayed out) in the improvement build list?
City spamming is becoming an issue again, if you now need to build cities near shore hexes just build a harbor!
Can shore hexes be built using raise/lower land spell?